Introduction
Ayurveda is the science of
life dealing with healthcare of living being since ancient period. The
Ayurvedic drugs are obtained from natural sources only i.e. from plants,
animals and minerals. Conversion of
metals and minerals into acceptable form i.e. bhasma is a unique technology of Ayurveda. Various procedures like Sodhana, Marana (Incineration process) etc. applied for the
preparation of bhasma, will play a greater role in converting the material into
acceptable form. By considering these views in present research work the
different samples of lauha bhasma
were prepared by using different raw materials viz. Magnetite iron ore, iron
turnings. In Ayurvedic literature, Kanta
lauha (Magnetite iron ore) is considered as best raw material for lauha bhasma preparation. After this
next best raw material for lauha bhasma
preparation is Teekshna lauha (iron
turnings). The availability of Kanta
lauha (magnetite iron ore) is rare, hence in many Ayurvedic pharmaceutical industries, lauha bhasma is prepared by Teekshna
lauha. In the present work a step is made to find out the best quality of lauha bhasma by preparing various
samples of lauha bhasma. Two samples
of Kanta lauha and one sample of Teekshna lauha was used for the preparation
of lauha bhasma.
Materials
and Methods
In
present thesis work, the pharmaceutical study was conducted in three batches
which are mentioned below.
Batch
“A” : Teekshna lauha (Iron turning)
Batch “B” : Kanta lauha (Magnetite iron ore)
Batch
“C” : Kanta lauha (Magnetite iron ore)
Procurement
of Raw Material
Ø Teekshna lauha (Iron Turnings) were collected from Dept. Of Metallurgy, IT, BHU,
VARANASI.
Ø Kanta lauha (Magnetite iron ore) were collected from NML Jamshedpur
(JHARKHAND).
Ø Tila taila was collected from Ayurvedic
Pharmacy, BHU, VARANASI.
Ø Gomutra was collected from Dairy farm, Institute of Agriculture sciences,
BHU, VARANASI.
Ø Triphala and Kulattha collected
from Gola Dinanath, VARANASI.
Pharmaceutical Processing
(I) Sodhana
(A) Samanya
Sodhana
(a)
Preparation of Takra, (b) Preparation
of Kanji, (c) Preparation of Kulattha
Kwatha, (d) Process of Samanya
Sodhana
(B) Visesha
Sodhana
(a)Preparation of Triphala
Kwatha, (b)Process of Visesha Sodhana
(II) Marana
(A) Bhanupaka
(a) Preparation of Triphala Kwatha, (b) Process of Bhanupaka
(B) Sthalipaka
(a) Preparation of Triphala Kwatha, (b) Process of Sthalipaka
(C)Putapaka
(a)
Preparation of Triphala Kwatha, (b) Process
of puta paka
(a) Preparation of takra [1]
Ø Principle- Churning
Ø Ingredients- Curd, Water
Ø Equipments- Container,
mixer
Method: Curd along with water (half the amount of curd) was taken and it
was mixed homogeneously with the help of mixer grinder. After proper mixing
whole butter portion of takra were
removed. Then it was used for samanya
sodhana of lauha.
Chief desired
character
Viscosity of curd was changed.
Curd was homogenously mixed with water. Test of takra was amla rasa.
(b) Preparation of kanji[2]
Ø Principle- Fermentation
Ø Ingredients- Rice, Water, Masha, Redish.
Ø Equipments- Heating device, Stainless steel container, Plastic
container, Spatula.
Method: First the rice and masha (in appropriate quantity) were
cooked properly by adding sufficient quantity of water. After cooking the
material, small pieces of radish were added into it. Then whole material was
transferred into a plastic container. Then the mouth of container was tightly
closed and kept for fermentation for 15-20 days. After the completion, test (Sound,
Match stick and Amla rasa.) was
performed and prepared kanji was
collected for sodhana process.
Completion
test
Hissing sound was not produced. Match stick was burning continuously when
it was kept over the mouth of container. Taste of kanji was amla rasa. Whitish colour of kanji was appeared.
(c) Preparation of kullatha kwatha
Ø Ingredients- Kullatha- 6 kg., Water- 48 lit.
Ø Equipments- Heating device, Stainless steel container, Spatula, Cotton
cloth etc.
Method: Above mentioned quantity of kullatha
and water was taken in an iron container and it was subjected to boiling on
mild temperature till 1/4th part of the water reduces. Then it was
used for samanya sodhana of lauha.
Batch “A” – Teekshna lauha (Iron
turnings)
(A)
Process of Samanya Sodhana
Ø Apparatus- Koshti, Iron
container, Spatula, Iron mesh etc.
Ø Ingredients- Lauha (Iron
turnings)-500 gm.
Ø Tila taila- QS.
Ø Takra - QS.
Ø Gomutra- QS.
Ø Kanji- QS.
Ø Kullatha Kwatha- QS.
Samanya Sodhana by tila taila
Method: Iron turnings were collected in
an iron container which was kept over the koshti
(furnace) and heated the material till it becomes red hot. Thereafter this
material was quenched in tila taila,
which was collected in another container. Same procedure was repeated six more
times (Total seven times). Each time fresh tila
taila was taken (Approx. 500ml). After completion, material was filtered by
iron mesh and dried it.
·
Average temp. of heating device
: 11000C
·
Average temp. of surface of
container : 10000C
·
Average temp. of red hot iron
turning : 9000C
Observations: First time iron turning took 28 minute to become red hot. The
duration was lowered at later stages. When red hot iron turning was quenched in
tila taila, it was kept the fire
promptly. Colour of iron turning was turned from shiny to black. It was sticky
in nature due to adhesion of tila taila
on the surface of iron turnings. On next heating iron turning was also catch
the fire
Samanya Sodhana by Takra
Method: After sodhana by tila taila iron turnings were collected
in an iron container which is kept over the Koshti
(furnace) and heated the material till red hot. Thereafter this material was
quenched in takra, which was
collected in another container. Same procedure was repeated six more time
(Total seven times). Each time fresh takra
was taken. Then material was filtered by iron mesh and dried it.
Observation: Iron turning took 15-20
minute to get red hot state for first time then time duration was further
lowered. After quenching takra was started boiling. Iron turning get started to convert
into smaller pieces. Some fine
particles of iron were come out from vessel during quenching. Colour of iron turned to grayish
black. Colour and consistency of takra was
also changed after quenching.
Samanya Sodhana by Gomutra-
Method : After sodhana by takra, iron turnings were collected in an iron container which is
kept over the koshti (furnace) and
heated the material till red hot. Thereafter this material was quenched in Gomutra, which was collected in another
container. Same procedure was repeated six more time (Total seven times) each
time fresh Gomutra was taken. Then
material was filtered by iron mesh and dried it.
Observations: After quenching peculiar
smell was observed. Colour of cow urine changed from yellow to blackish red. Colour
of iron turning also changed from black to reddish brown. Iron turning was
decreasing in size further.
Samanya Sodhana by Kanji
Method: Iron turnings were collected in
an iron container which is kept over the koshti
(furnace) and heated the material till red hot. Thereafter this material was
quenched in Kanji, which was
collected in another container. Same procedure was repeated six more time
(Total seven times). Each time fresh Kanji
was taken. Then material was filtered by iron mesh and dried it.
Observations: Iron turnings took 10-12
min. to obtain red hot state. Further it was lowered. Kanji was started boiling after quenching the red hot iron
turnings. Iron turnings were converted to smaller pieces. Colour of iron
turning was also changed from reddish brown to black.
Samanya Sodhana by Kullatha Kwath
Iron turnings were collected in an iron container which was kept
over the koshti (furnace) and heated
the material till red hot. Thereafter this material was quenched in Kullatha kwatha, which was collected in
another container. Same procedure was repeated six more time (Total seven
times) each time fresh Kullatha kwatha
was taken. Then material was filtered by iron mesh and dried it.
Observations: Iron turnings took 08-10
min. to obtain red hot state. Further it was lowered. Kullatha kwatha started boiling after quenching. Colour of kullatha kwatha was changed after
quenching from red to blackish red. Particle
of iron turning become smaller.
(B) Visesha Sodhana of lauha
(a) Preparation of Triphala kwatha for Visesha sodhana[3]
Ø Principle- Heating.
Ø Equipments- Heating devices, Stainless steel container, Spatula,
Iron mesh etc.
Ø Ingredients- Lauha (Iron
turnings)- 520gm
Triphala kwatha - QS. (Approx. 600ml)
(b) Process of Visesha sodhana
Method: Samanya sodhita Teekshna Lauha (iron turnings) was collected in an iron container
which was kept over the koshti
(furnace) and heated the material till into red hot state. Thereafter this
material was quenched in Triphala kwatha, which was collected in another
container. Same procedure was repeated six more time (total seven times). Each
time fresh Triphala kwatha was taken.
Then material was filtered by iron mesh and dried it.
Table No. 1. Showing observations before and after
Visesha sodhana of Teekshna lauha (Iron turning).
|
Iron turning
|
Before Visesha
Sodhana
|
After Visesha
Sodhana
|
|
Colour
|
Black
|
Dark
black
|
|
Consistency
|
brittle
|
More
brittle
|
|
Appearance
|
Small
peaces
|
More
small peaces
|
|
Weight
|
520
gm
|
610
gm
|
Reason of wt. gain: Due to adding of
contents of Triphala kwatha. Out of this 10gm was taken
as sample for analysis.
(II) Marana of lauha
For the marana of lauha Rasendra
Sara Samgraha was followed, in this text process of marana is completed in three
steps, they are as follow-
(I) Bhanupaka, (II) Sthalipaka, (III) Putpaka
(I) Bhanupaka
Equipments required- iron tray, spatula’
Ingredients- Lauha churna- 600 gm. Triphala kwatha- QS.
Preparation of Triphala Kwatha
for Bhanupaka[4]
Method : Triphala along with double the amount of water was boiled till it
reduced to 1/4th the volume of water.
Method of Bhanupaka: Lauha churna collected from Visesha
sodhana was kept in an iron tray and Triphala
Kwatha added till completely dipped the lauha
churna (Approx. 300ml.). Thereafter material was mixed together uniformly
and tray was kept in sunlight till the moisture contents evaporate completely.
Same process was repeated for six more times (total seven times).
Observations: It was taking 2-3 days for
completely drying. Colour of lauha churna
was turned to dark black. Big particles of lauha
churna were converted into fine particles. Brittleness of lauha churna was increased.
(II)Sthalipaka[5]
Equipments required- Heating device,
iron container, spatula.
Ingredients- Lauha churna- 1300 gm. Triphala kwatha- QS.
Preparation of Triphala kwatha
for sthalipaka
Procedure – Triphala kwatha is
prepared by taking triphala three
times of lauha, 16th times of water was added to it. The whole
material is boiled in stainless steel container to reduce to 1/8th
of original volume of water.
Method of sthalipaka: First of all the amount of lauha
churna was taken in an iron container (frying pan or cauldron) and triphala kwatha was added in sufficient
quantity. Then it was subjected to kept over the heating device and get intense
heat till completely evaporated the water contents of triphala kwatha. This process was repeated for six more times
(Total seven times). (R.T.20/25-30, R.S.S.1/308)
Observations: During heating it was
adhering to the surface of the container. Fumes were appearing due to burning
of triphala. Smell of burning triphala was observed. Colour of lauha churna was turned to grayish
black.
(II) Putpaka6
Equipments required- Earthen pot,
Electric muffle furnace, Mortar and pestle
etc.
Ingredients- Lauha churna- 2280 gm. Triphala Kwatha- QS.
According to Rasendra sara sangraha lauha bhasma should be prepared by
triturating with swarasa of triphala and subjected to puta. But in case of unavailability of
the swarasa, bhasma should be prepared by triphala
kwatha.
Method: Above mentioned quantity of lauha churna was triturated in
Mechanized kharal with Triphala Kwatha and then it was
subjected to made chakrika (pallets)
then dried till the completely get loss the moister contains. There after these
pallets were collected into small earthen pot (sarava) and placed uniformly, after this earthen pot was covered
by same size another earthen pot and prepared a structure like samputa. After this, the samputa was kept in electric muffle
furnace and temperature gradually increased up to 6000c, Frequency
30 and maintained for one hour. Then the furnace was switched off and left for
self cooing. The next day after the swangasitala
the samputa was collected and opened
and internal pellets were collected. Same process of puta was repeated till proper Bhasma
was not prepared (total 20 times).
The observation of pallets
and materials at different no. of putas
is mentioned below.
1st puta:It was taking 8 hour to get converted in pest like structure to made
pellets. Due to coarse powder of
materials, it was very difficult to made pellets. Temperature was set at 6000C
and frequency at 30. It was attain in 1 hour and 10 min. During puta fumes with specific odour were
observed, when temperature was reached at 1500C. After puta colour of pellets was black. Surface of pellets was rough. After puta whole material was remain half of the original volumes,
because of triphala contents which
were added during bhanupaka and sthalipaka, burnt during putapaka.
2nd puta: Material was triturated Approx. 6
hour. Pellets were made easily due to it was finer than previously. Surface
of pellets were rough. Temperature was same as previous. After puta colour of pellets was blueish
black. But surface of some pellets were brown in colour. After trituration it
was again black in colour.
3rd puta: Material was triturated Approx. 6
hour. Particle size of lauha bhasma
was also decrease. Colour of pellets was reddish brown on the superior surface
but inferior surface are black in colour. After trituration it was turned to
grayish black. Temperature setting was same as previous. After puta pellets were soft and easily
breakable by hand.
4th puta: Same as previous.
5th puta: Pellets were soft in consistency and
easily breakable. Colour of pellets was reddish brown. Surface of pellets was
smooth.
6th puta: Pellets were soft in consistency and
easily breakable. Colour of pellets was reddish brown.Surface of pellets was
smooth.
7th puta: Same as previous puta.
8th Puta: Pellets were soft they were getting broken by mild pressure of
finger. Colour of pellets was same as previous.
9th Puta: Same as previous puta.
10th Puta: Hardness of pellets was increased. Colour of pellets was turned to reddish black. Black spots were found over some pellets.
11th Puta
Observation: Same as previous.
12th Puta: Pellets were hard on breaking by hand. Bhasma was become Rekhapurna about 40%. Material was
become sticky after triturating in khalva.
13th Puta: Same as previous.
14th Puta: Same as previous.
15th Puta: Pellets were little hard. Blackish
spots were found on the surface of pellets. Bhasma
was became 50% rekhapurna. 40%bhasma
was found positive in varitara test. Loss of
material-20gm.
16th Puta: Colour of bhasma was
turned to blackish red i.e. pakvajambuphala
varna. Bhasma was 60% rekhapurna. It was 50% found positive in varitara test. On the trituration material became sticky in nature.
17th Puta: On trituration in kharal gritty
appearance of bhasma was observed. Colour
of bhasma was same as previous puta. Bhasma was 65% rekhapurna. 50%bhasma was
found positive in varitara test.
18th Puta: Pellets were now soft and could be broken easily by hand. Colour of bhasma was blackish red. Bhasma was 70% rekhapurna. 60% bhasma
was found positive in varitara test.
19th Puta: Pellets were soft and could be broken easily by hand. Colour of bhasma was blackish red. Bhasma was 75% rekhapurna. 65% bhasma was found positive in varitara test.
20th Puta: Pellets were soft and could be broken easily by hand. Colour of bhasma was blackish red i.e. pakvajambuphala Varna. Bhasma was 95% rekhapurna. 75% bhasma was found positive in varitara test.
BATCH “B”: Batch “B” was prepared at the
same method and same temperature which was adapted for batch “A”. Details of
findings and observations are given below.
Batch “B”– Kanta lauha (Magnetite iron ore)
Samanya Sodhana by tila taila
Method-Same as batch A
Observations: First time Kanta lauha took
20 minute to obtain red hot state. The duration was lowered at later stages.
When red hot Kanta lauha was quenched
in tila taila, it was also kept the
fire same as Teekshna lauha. Colour
of Kanta lauha was turned from
brownish black to dark black. It was sticky in nature due to adhesion to tila taila on the surface of Kanta lauha. After first time Kanta lauha was also catch the fire on
next heating.
Samanya Sodhana by Takra
Method-Same as Batch A
Observations: First time Kanta lauha took 20 minute to obtain red
hot state. The duration was lowered at later stages. When red hot Kanta lauha was quenched in takra, it was stared boiling. Colour of Kanta lauha was dark black. Colour of takra was also changed. After quenching big particle of Kanta
lauha was break into smaller
size.
Samanya Sodhana by Gomutra
Method-Same as Batch A
Observation: Lauha took 15 min. to get red hot state for first time then time duration
was further lowered. After quenching peculiar smell was observed. Colour of cow urine was changed from
yellow to reddish black. Colour of Kanta lauha was also changed from black
to reddish black. Kanta lauha was decreasing in size
further.
Samanya Sodhana by Kanji-
Method – Same as Batch A
Observations: Kanta lauha took 10-12 min. to obtain
red hot state. Further it was lowered. Kanji
was started boiling after quenching the red hot Kanta lauha. Kanta lauha
were converted to smaller pieces. Colour of Kanta
lauha was black. Colour of Kanji
was also changed.
Samanya Sodhana by Kullatha Kwatha
Method- Same as Batch A
Observations: Kanta lauha took 08-10 min. to obtain
red hot state. Further it was lowered. Kullatha
kwatha was started boiling after quenching. Colour of kullatha kwatha was changed after quenching from red to blackish
red. Particle of Kanta lauha become
smaller.
(B) Visesha Sodhana of lauha
Method- Same as Batch A
Table No. 2. Showing observations before and after
Visesha sodhana of Kanta lauha (Magnetite iron ore).
|
Kanta lauha
|
Before Visesha
Sodhana
|
After Visesha
Sodhana
|
|
Colour
|
Brownish
black
|
Dark
black
|
|
Consistency
|
brittle
|
More
brittle
|
|
Appearance
|
Small
peaces
|
More
small peaces
|
|
Weight
|
500gm
|
530gm
|
(II) Marana of Kanta lauha: Same as Batch A
(I) Bhanupaka-
Equipments required- iron tray, spatula’
Ingredients- Kanta Lauha churna- 510 gm. Triphala kwatha- QS.
Preparation of Triphala Kwatha
for Bhanupaka: Same as Batch A
Method of Bhanupaka: Same as Batch A
Observations: It was taking 2-3 days for
completely drying for first avartana. First
time quantity of triphala kwatha was
300ml to be used and further it was slightly increased. Colour of Kanta lauha churna was dark black. Big
particles of Kanta lauha churna were
converted into small particles. After completion quantity of Kanta lauha was increased about two to
three times of original weight.
(II) Sthalipaka
Equipments required- Heating device,
iron container, spatula.
Ingredients- Lauha churna- 1240 gm. Triphala kwatha- QS.
Method of sthalipaka: Same as Batch A
Observations: During heating it was
adhering to the surface of the container.
Fumes and odour was appearing due to burning of triphala. Colour of Kanta
lauha churna was turned to grayish black.
(III) Putpaka
Equipments required- Earthen pot,
Electric muffle furnace, Mortar and pestle
etc. Ingredients-
Lauha churna- 1960 gm. Triphala Kwath- QS.
Method: Same as Batch A
1st puta: It was taking 8 hours to get convert
into pest like structure to make pellets.
Due to coarse powder of materials, it was very difficult to make pellets. Temperature
was set at 6000C and frequency at 30. It was attain in 1 hour and 10
min. During puta fumes with specific
odour were observed, when temperature was reached at 2000C. After puta colour of pellets was black.
Surface of pellets was rough. After puta whole material was remain half of
the original volumes, because of triphala
contents which were added during bhanupaka
and sthalipaka, burnt during putapaka. After triturating again powder
was converted into black colour.
2nd puta: Material was triturated approx. 6
hours. Pellets were made easily due to it was finer than previously. Surface
of pellets were rough. After puta
colour of pellets was bluish black. But surface of some pellets were brown in
colour. Pellets were soft and easily
breakable by hand. After trituration it was again black in colour.
3rd puta: Material was triturated approx. 6
hours. Particle size of lauha
bhasma was also decrease. Colour of pellets was reddish brown on the
superior surface but inferior surface was black in colour. After puta, pellets were looking like
tattered. After trituration it was turned to black. After puta pellets were soft and easily breakable by hand.
4th puta: Pellets were soft in consistency which
is easily breakable by hand. Colour of pellets was reddish brown but inside it
was black. After trituration it was brown in colour.
5th puta: Pellets were soft in consistency and
easily breakable. Colour of pellets was reddish brown. Surface of pellets was
slightly rough. 25% bhasma was rekhapurna.
6th puta: Same as previous puta.
7th puta: Same as previous puta.
8th Puta: Pellets were soft they were getting broken by mild pressure of
finger. Colour of pellets was same as previous.
9th Puta: Same as previous puta.
10th Puta: Pellets were little hard then previous. Colour of pellets was turned
to reddish black. Surface of pellets was smooth. 40% bhasma was found positive in rekhapurna
test.
11th Puta: Same as previous.
12th Puta: Pellets were soft on breaking by hand. Bhasma was become Rekhapurna
about 50%. Material was rough during triturating in khalva.
13th Puta: Same as previous.
14th Puta: Same as previous.
15th Puta: Pellets with little hard and Blackish spots were found on the surface
of pellets. Bhasma was became 60% rekhapurna. 50% bhasma was found positive in varitara
test.
16th Puta: Colour of bhasma was turned to blackish red i.e. pakvajambuphala varna.
Bhasma was 75% rekhapurna. It was
60% varitara. On the trituration material
was rough in nature.
17th Puta: On trituration in kharal
bhasma was blackish red in colour. Bhasma
was 85% rekhapurnna. 70% bhasma was found positive in varitara test.
18th Puta: Pellets were now soft and easily breakable by hand. Colour of bhasma was blackish red i.e. pakvajambuphala varna.
Bhasma was 95% rekhapurna. 75% bhasma was found positive in varitara test.
BATCH “C”: Batch “C” was prepared at the
same method and same temperature which was adapted for batch A. Detail of
findings and observations are given below.
Batch “C”– Kanta lauha (Magnetite iron ore)
Samanya Sodhana by tila taila
Method-Same as batch A
Observation -Same as Batch B
Samanya Sodhana by Takra
Method-Same as Batch A
Observations: First time Kanta lauha took
15 minute to obtain red hot state. The duration was lowered at later stages.
When red hot Kanta lauha was quenched
in takra, it was stared boiling. Colour
of Kanta lauha was dark black. Colour
of takra was also changed from white
to blackish. Big particles of Kanta lauha
was breaking into smaller size.
Samanya Sodhana by Gomutra-
Method-Same as Batch A
Observations: Iron took 15 min. to get
red hot state for first time then time duration was further lowered. After quenching peculiar smell was
observed and Gomutra get started
boiling. Colour of cow urine was
changed from yellow to reddish black.Colour of Kanta lauha was also changed from black to reddish black. Kanta
lauha was decreasing in size further.
Samanya Sodhana by Kanji-
Method – Same as Batch A
Observations: Kanta lauha took 10-12 min. to obtain red hot state. Further it was lowered. Kanji was started boiling after
quenching the red hot Kanta lauha. Kanta lauha were converted to smaller
pieces. Colour of Kanta lauha was
black. Colour of Kanji was also
changed from whitish to blackish.
Samanya Sodhana by
Kullatha Kwath
Method- Same as Batch A
Observations: Kanta lauha took 10-12 min. to obtain
red hot state. Further it was lowered. Kullatha
kwatha was started boiling after quenching the Kanta lauha. Colour of kullatha
kwatha was changed after quenching from red to blackish red. Particle of Kanta lauha become smaller.
B) Vishesha Sodhana of lauha
(b) Process
of Vishesha sodhana
Ingredients- Kanta lauha
(Magnetite iron ore) - 480 gm. Triphala
kwatha - QS.
Method- Same as Batch A
Table No. 3. Showing observations before and after
Visesha sodhana of Kanta lauha (Magnetite iron ore).
|
Kanta Lauha
|
Before Vishesha
Sodhana
|
After Vishesha
Sodhana
|
|
Colour
|
Brownish
black
|
Dark
black
|
|
Consistency
|
brittle
|
More
brittle
|
|
Appearance
|
Small
peaces
|
More
small peaces
|
|
Weight
|
480gm
|
510gm
|
Reason of wt. gain-Because
adding of contents of Triphala kwatha. Out of this 20 gm was taken as sample for
analysis.
(II) Marana of Kanta lauha: Same as Batch A
(I) Bhanupaka-
Equipments required- iron tray, spatula’
Ingredients- Kanta Lauha churna- 490 gm. Triphala kwatha- QS.
Method: Same as Batch A
Method of Bhanupaka: Same as Batch A
Observations: It was taking 2-3 days for
completely drying for one avartana. First
time quantity of triphala kwatha was
300 ml to be used and further it was increased. Colour of Kanta lauha churna was dark black. Big particles of Kanta lauha churna were converted into
smaller particles. Brittleness of Kanta
lauha was increased.
Reason of wt. gain-Because
addition of some solid contents of triphala
kwatha with the Kanta lauha.
(II) Sthalipaka
Equipments required- Heating device,
iron container, spatula etc.
Ingredients- Lauha churna- 1225 gm. Triphala kwatha- QS.
Method of sthalipaka: Same as previous batch
Observation: Same as previous batch
(II) Putpaka
Equipments required: Earthen pot,
Electric muffle furnace, Mechanized kharala
etc.
Ingredients: Lauha churna- 1735 gm. Triphala Kwath- QS.
Method Same as Batch A
1st puta: It was taking 8 hour to get converted
in pest like structure to made pellets.
Due to coarse powder of materials, it was very difficult to made pellets. Temperature
was set at 6000C and frequency at 30. It was attain in 1 hour and 10
min. After puta colour of pellets was
black. Surface of pellets was rough and cracked. After puta whole
material was remain half of the original volumes, because of triphala contents which were added
during bhanupaka and sthalipaka, burnt during putapaka. After triturating again powder
was converted into black colour.
2nd puta: Material was triturated Approx. 6
hour. Some particles of Kanta lauha
was remain as such which are not converted into powder form. Surface of pellets
were rough. After puta colour of
pellets was bluish black. But surface of some pellets was brown in colour. Pellets were soft and easily breakable by hand.
After trituration it was again black in colour.
3rd puta: Same as batch B
4th puta: Pellets were soft in consistency and
easily breakable by hand. Colour of pellets was reddish brown but inside it was
black. After trituration bhasma was
brown in colour.
5th puta: Pellets were soft in consistency and
easily breakable. Colour of pellets was reddish brown. Surface of pellets was
rough. 20% bhasma was rekhapurna.
Reason of loss: Because burning of
triphala contents. Out of this 20gm was taken as sample for analysis.
6th puta: Same as previous puta.
7th puta: Colour of pellets was light red. Consistency
of pellets was soft. Surface of pellets was rough.
8th Puta: Pellets were soft they were getting broken by mild pressure of
finger. Colour of pellets was same as previous.
9th Puta: Pellets which were kept over the periphery remains blackish, but
inner pellets were reddish brown in colour. Bhasma
was 40% rekhapurna
10th Puta: Pellets were little hard then previous. Colour of pellets was turned
to reddish black. Surface of pellets was smooth. 45% bhasma was rekhapurna.
11th Puta: Same as previous.
12th Puta: Pellets were soft on breaking by hand. 50% Bhasma was Rekhapurna. Material
was rough during triturating in khalva.
13th Puta: Same as previous.
14th Puta: Same as previous.
15th Puta: Pellets were little hard. Colour of pellets was slightly blackish
red. Bhasma was became 60% rekhapurna. 50% bhasma was found positive in varitara
test.
16th Puta: Colour of bhasma was
turned to blackish red i.e. pakvajambuphala
varna. Bhasma was 80% rekhapurna. It was 65% varitara.
On the trituration material was rough in nature. Weight of
material after Bhavana- 425 gm. Weight
of material after puta-420 gm.
17th Puta: Pellets were soft in consistency then Teekshna lauha. On trituration in kharal bhasma was blackish red in colour. Bhasma was 85% found in rekhapurnna
test. 70% bhasma was found
positive in varitara test.
18th Puta: Pellets were now soft and easily breakable by hand. Colour of bhasma was blackish red i.e. pakvajambuphala varna.
Bhasma was 95% rekhapurna. 75% bhasma was found positive in varitara test.
Discussion:
Conversion of metals and minerals into
acceptable form i.e. bhasma is a
unique technology of Ayurveda. This
pharmaceutical study was done on the basis of Resendra Sara Samgraha to find out the best method for the preparation of lauha bhasma, as well as find out the best lauha bhasma. in this study it was found
that kanta lauha is best for bhasma
and next is teekshna lauha. Kanta lauha bhasma was well prepared in less putas then teekshna lauha.
Conclusion:
1.
Certain technical procedures
like Sodhana, Marana (Incineration
process) etc. will play a greater role in converting the material into
acceptable form.
2.
. Here in present work a step
is made to find out the best quality of lauha
bhasma by preparing various samples of lauha
bhasma. Two samples of Kanta lauha
are used for preparation of lauha bhasma
and one sample of Teekshna lauha is
used for the preparation of lauha bhasma
3.
Kanta lauha Bhasma was prepared in 18 putas and this Kanta lauha Bhasma was meeting all the best qualities of lauha Bhasma, where as Teekshna lauha Bhasma was prepared in 20
putas.
4.
As per the description of Ayurveda, Kanta lauha (Magnetite iron
ore) is considered as best raw material for lauha
bhasma preparation. After this next best raw material for lauha bhasma preparation is Teekshna lauha (iron turnings).
References:
1.
Shastri Ambika Datta, Sushruta Samhita,
Chowkhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, 1987,
Varanasi.
2.
AFI- II, Volume- I, First
Edition, Dept. of AYUSH, New Delhi.
3. Bhatt Sri Gopala Krishna,
Resendra Sara Samgraha 1/297, Edited by Vaidya Satyarth Prakash, 1st Edition,
Krishnadas Academy Publishers,1992, Varanasi.
4. Bhatt Sri Gopala Krishna,
Resendra Sara Samgraha 1/302, Edited by Vaidya Satyarth Prakash, 1st Edition, Krishnadas
Academy Publishers,1992, Varanasi.
5. Bhatt Sri Gopala Krishna,
Resendra Sara Samgraha 1/305-06, Edited by Vaidya Satyarth Prakash, 1st
Edition, Krishnadas Academy Publishers,1992, Varanasi.
6.
Bhatt Sri Gopala Krishna, Resendra Sara Samgraha 1/316-18, Edited
by Vaidya Satyarth Prakash, 1st Edition, Krishnadas Academy
Publishers,1992, Varanasi.
