Cardioprotective activity of Dashanga Agada in Doxorubicin induced Cardiotoxicity in Mice Cardiomyoblasts (H9c2)

Abstract

Background: Cancer is still a complicated and difficult condition with serious consequences for the general population. Currently, it poses a major risk to the global health. There are numerous risk factors associated with cancer. They include tobacco, obesity, excessive consumption of packed foods, lack of physical activity, alcohol consumption, etc. Continued prevention, research & early detection are required to improve outcomes for cancer patients. Anticancer medications have been associated with cardiotoxicity, compromising individuals' heart function. Early detection of cardiotoxicity is essential for avoiding irreparable heart damage. Cardio-oncology has arisen as a distinct area of study and therapeutic practice in recent years. Several aspects of drug-induced cardiotoxicity remain unknown. Such toxicities are considered as garavisha in Ayurveda. They can be treated by using Agada principles. Insect bites can lead to cardiac symptoms, according to both ancient and modern science. Acharya Vagbhata has mentioned hrudpeeda as one of the lakshana of Vataja Vrischika damsha. Dashanga Agada (DA) is the formulation mentioned in context of Keeta visha. As it is the formulation of choice in insect bites exhibiting cardiac symptoms, it is studied in present research to reduce the cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin (Dox). The study was carried out on H9C2 mice cardiomyoblasts. Materials and Methods: Hydroalcoholic extract of Ayurvedic formulation Dashanga agada was prepared. H9C2 mice cardiomyoblasts were used to study trial drug Dashanga Agada on cardiotoxicity induced by a chemotherapy drug named Doxorubicin. MTT assay, DAPI nuclear staining, DCFH-DA assay for intracellular ROS generation & SOD assay were the four parameters studied on H9C2 cell line. 4 groups were taken for the study. Dashanga agada was studied at different concentrations & different time intervals on the above mentioned parameters. Results: IC₅₀ values of DA & Dox for 24hrs were calculated to be 357.15 & 5.48 µg/ml respectively. Dashanga agada was effective in increasing cell viability, improving the nuclear morphology & antioxidant activity when compared to Doxorubicin treated group. Conclusion: Dashanga Agada has cardioprotective effect. Within parallel & pre-treatment groups, parallel treatment gave better results.