In vitro Anti-Diabetic and Antioxidant Potential of the Siddha formulation Mega Sanjeevi Chooranam

Abstract

Background: The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) presents a significant public health challenge due to its long-term complications and its role as a primary risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which have both economic and social implications. Plant-derived antidiabetic drugs are being extensively studied due to their safety and efficacy. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant potential of the formulation Mega Sanjeevi Chooranam (MSC) through in-vitro investigation. Materials and Methods: The in vitro investigation of traditional siddha formulation MSC were performed to ascertain its inhibitory potential against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes along with antioxidant analysis. Results: The MSC displayed the highest activity against α-amylase enzyme, with a percentage inhibition of 73.44 ± 6.87% (IC₅₀, 299.4 ± 27.27 μg/ml), followed by a moderate level of α-glucosidase inhibition at 48.89 ± 13.38% (IC₅₀, 402.2 ± 86 μg/ml). Furthermore, the MSC exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity in quenching ABTS^● radicals (IC₅₀, 110.1 ± 18.6 μg/ml), followed by DPPH^● (IC₅₀, 144.4 ± 36.8 μg/ml), H₂O₂^● (IC₅₀, 172.7 ± 39.3 μg/ml), and NO^● radicals (IC₅₀, 238.4 ± 58.56 μg/ml). Conclusion: In conclusion the formulation MSC demonstrated the significant antioxidant activity and effectively inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme activities. Further study is needed to isolate bioactive phytoconstituents and determine the molecular mechanism behind their antidiabetic effect.