Chemical profiling of Mandak - A novel polyherbal combination

Abstract

Introduction: In Ayurveda, drug formulation adheres to two principles: single-drug use and compound drug use, the latter known as polyherbalism. Mandak, a Novel Polyherbal combination of six drugs have shown better efficacy individually in the management of twak vikaras. Methods: This study aimed to evaluate raw and end product’s (Mandak) organoleptic, physicochemical, and phytochemical properties, along with chromatographic screenings via Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to assess the synergistic effects of this novel combination. Results and Discussion: The microbial load of both the raw drugs and the compound mixture was within permissible limits. Physicochemical and phytochemical analyses confirmed the presence of compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins, recognised for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and antimicrobial properties. HPTLC profiling identified berberine (Rf ~0.36) and gallic acid (Rf ~0.59), with colour bands indicating various phytoconstituents such as red and yellow for alkaloids and blue for flavonoids and tannins etc. FTIR analysis detected hydroxyl groups linked to alcohols and phenols, which exhibit antioxidant properties, and carboxyl groups associated with lipids and proteins synthesis. The phytoconstituent composition may vary due to geographical distribution and time of collection. The compound drug’s components might work synergistically, enhancing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing activities. Conclusion: The diverse pharmacological activities of Mandak stem from its phytoconstituents, which could help create standard monographs for this novel combination. This study emphasises the importance of Mandak by evaluating its phytochemical properties and potential benefits in Ayurvedic practice.