Exploring therapeutic potential of fasting (Upvasa)– A comprehensive review

Abstract

Background: Fasting, an ancient practice observed in many cultures, holds potential therapeutic value beyond its traditional spiritual significance. It may be defined as complete voluntary self-restraint from taking any kind of food for specific time, in order to give rest to digestive system”. In Ayurvedic classics it may correlated with Upvasa which is one among the ten types of Langhana (lightness promoting therapy) and also included in Daivavyapashraya chikitsa (Therapeutic Rituals). Research suggests that Fasting (Upvasa) can positively affect various aspects of health, including weight management, metabolic health, cellular repair mechanisms, cognitive function, mood regulation, inflammation reduction, and immune system modulation. Objective: This review examines current research to elucidate the therapeutic potential of Fasting (Upvasa) for promoting health and facilitating healing processes. Material and Method: This review paper has been taken from different Ayurvedic manuscripts, Modern literatures and Various searching engines like PubMed, Web of Science Scopus, Google Scholar, SCI, Research gate and government portal like Ayush Portal, Namaste Portal etc. Discussion: Research suggests that fasting regimens, such as intermittent fasting or prolonged fasting, can lead to reductions in body weight, body fat percentage, and improvements in metabolic markers such as insulin sensitivity and cholesterol levels. It also enhances cognitive performance, memory, and focus, possibly through the upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and other neuroprotective pathways. By reducing inflammatory markers and promoting immune cell regeneration. Fasting stimulates autophagy, which promotes cell renewal and slows down the aging process. Conclusion: This paper discusses the physiology, historical views, and benefits of fasting on many health parameters. Integrating fasting into healthcare practices requires comprehensive understanding and guidance to ensure safe and effective implementation.