Hair Medulla and its variations in Doshaja Prakruti – An observational study

Abstract

Background: Dosha specific external appearance of hair and diseases related to hair have been described in Ayurveda but description of its internal structure is lacking. Hair tissue has been extensively studied in modern anatomy with reference to its types, regional variations, and microscopic structure. The medulla forms the inner core of the hair and has been associated with strength, stability and appearance of the same. This raises the possibility of medullary patterns of hair being Prakruti specific. An observational study was conducted in healthy individuals of specific Dwandvaja Prakruti to visualize the medullary pattern in their hair and search for a Prakruti specific association. Objective: To observe the medullary pattern in the hair of specific Dwandvaja Prakruti and search for association between the two. Methods: 180 healthy participants, aged 18–25 years, were classified into six Dwandvaja Prakruti types and their hair samples were collected and examined microscopically. Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the findings, with comparison across Prakruti groups and gender. Results: Distinct variations in hair medulla were observed across the Prakruti groups. The Kapha- Vata group showed the highest proportion of continuous (33%) and solid medulla (20%), while the Vata-Pitta group presented none (47%) and fragmented medulla (23%). A pattern of greater structural integrity was observed in Kapha-dominant individuals, while Vata-dominant individuals exhibited more instability in the medulla structure. Conclusion: This study establishes a potential link between Dwandvaja Prakruti types and medullary hair patterns with Kapha-dominant Prakruti showing stronger hair integrity, while Vata and Pitta-dominant types associated with weaker, fragmented, or absent medullae. Observing medullary hair patterns can assist Prakruti assessment and contribute to Dosha-specific hair care regimens and preventive strategies for evidence-based Ayurvedic trichology.