Deciphering the Neuroprotective Role of Ksheerabala: Bridging Modern Medicine and Ayurveda Through Reverse Pharmacology

Abstract

Ksheerabala Thailam (KB), a traditional Ayurvedic formulation, is widely recognized for its therapeutic potential in managing conditions such as cervical spondylosis, cerebral palsy, facial paralysis, low back pain, sciatica, and osteoarthritis, along with its notable anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. Employing the reverse pharmacology approach, this study bridges ancient knowledge with modern scientific validation to explore KB's efficacy. The study investigates KB's efficacy by evaluating its antioxidant activity, phospholipase A_2-mediated inhibition, calcium channel modulation, and toxicity assessment using zebrafish embryo models. Additionally,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was conducted to identify bioactive constituents.In vitro experiments revealed significant suppression of phospholipase A₂ and strong free radical scavenging activity, highlighting its anti-inflammatory effects. KB also reduced voltage-gated calcium channel activity, essential for painful signaling, by suppressing Cacna1b gene expression. Toxicological evaluations in zebrafish embryos confirmed KB's safety at therapeutic doses, showing no notable developmental defects. GC-MS analysis identified bioactive substances that contribute to its analgesic and neuroprotective properties.These findings underline KB as a promising natural therapeutic option for NP. By integrating traditional medicine and reverse pharmacology, the study establishes a foundation for further clinical research into KB's efficacy and safety.